Friday, August 23, 2013
Monday, August 19, 2013
Sunday, August 18, 2013
ભારતનું બંધારણ
ભારત એક સંઘ રાજ્ય છે. જેમાં ૨૮ રાજ્યો અને ૭ કેન્દ્રશાસિત પ્રદેશ છે .ભારતમાં સંસદીય પ્રકારની લોકશાહી છે.
"દરેક સ્વતંત્ર રાષ્ટ્રને તેનું પોતાનું બંધારણ હોય છે. બંધારણએ દેશનો મૂળભૂત દસ્તાવેજ છે. સામાન્ય રીતે લેખિત દસ્તાવેજના સ્વરૂપમાં હોય છે. જે અનુસાર સરકાર દેશનો વહીવટ કરે છે. બંધારણ દેશના કાયદાઓ કરતા ચડિયાતું છે. સરકાર દ્વારા અમલમાં મુકાતો દરેક કાયદો બંધારણ સાથે સુસંગત હોવો જોઈએ. બંધારણમાં જણાવ્યા પ્રમાણે જ દેશનો વહીવટ થવો જોઈએ."
* ભારતીય રાષ્ટ્રીય કોંગ્રેસે ૧૯૩૫માં, બંધારણ સભા રચવાની સૌ પ્રથમ માંગણી કરી.
* બંધારણ સભાની પ્રથમ બેઠક ડીસેમ્બર ૯, ૧૯૪૬ નાં રોજ મળી હતી.
* ૨૯ ઓગસ્ટ ૧૯૪૭ના રોજ બંધારણ ઘડવાની સમિતિ રચવામાં આવી.
* બંધારણ સભાના કાર્યકારી અધ્યક્ષ ડૉ.સચ્ચિદાનંદ સિંહા બન્યા.
* બંધારણની ખરડા સમિતિનાં અધ્યક્ષ ડૉ. બી.આર.આંબેડકર હતા.
* જયારે બંધારણ સભાના પ્રમુખ ડૉ.રાજેન્દ્ર પ્રસાદ હતા.
* બંધારણ ઘડવાનું કાર્ય ૨૬ નવેમ્બર, ૧૯૪૯ નાં રોજ પૂર્ણ થયું.
* ૨૬ જાન્યુઆરી, ૧૯૫૦ નાં રોજ ભારતનું બંધારણ અમલમાં આવ્યું હતું.
* બંધારણ સભાના ૩૮૯ સભ્યો હતા.
* બંધારણ પૂર્ણ કરતા ૨ વર્ષ ૧૧ મહિના અને ૧૮ દિવસ લાગ્યા હતા.
* જયારે રૂ/- ૬૪ લાખ બંધારણ ઘડવાનો ખર્ચ થયો હતો.
* બંધારણ ઘડવાનો સૌ પ્રથમ વિચાર સર.એમ.એન.રોય ને આવ્યો હતો.
* ભારતના બંધારણમાં ૧૨ પરિશિષ્ટો, ૪૪૬ અનુચ્છેદ છે.
* બંધારણનું આમુખ જવાહારલાલ નહેરુએ તૈયાર કર્યું હતું.
* જયારે આમુખનો વિચાર અમેરિકાના બંધારણમાંથી લેવામાં આવ્યા હતો.
બંધારણનું આમુખ
અમે ભારતના લોકો પ્રતિજ્ઞા કરીએ છીએ કે ભારતએ સાર્વભોમ , બિનસાંપ્રદાયિક, સમાજવાદી , લોકશાહી પ્રજાસત્તાક રાજય બને અને તેના બધા નાગરિકોને સામાજિક, આર્થિક અને રાજકીય ન્યાય મળે . વિચારો , વાણી , ધર્મ અને પૂજાની સ્વતંત્રતા રહે . વ્યક્તિને દરજજાની અને તકની સમાનતા રહે . વ્યક્તિના ગૌરવ અને રાષ્ટ્ની એકાત્મકતા અને અખંડીતાતા જળવાઈ રહે તે માટે ભાઈચારો કેળવવાનો દઢ સંકલ્પ કરીને અમારી બંધારણ સભામો આજે ૨૬ નવેમ્બર, ૧૯૪૯ના દિવે છે. આ બંધારણ અપનાવીએ છીએ . સમાજવાદી , બિનસાંપ્રદાયિક અને અખંડિતતા જેવા શબ્દો ૪૨માં બંધારણીય સુધારા દ્વારા ૧૯૭૬ માં ઉમેરવામાં આવ્યા . પ્રથમ િવચ
* બંધારણ ઘડવાનો સૌ પ્રથમવિચાર સર.એમ.એન.રોય ને આવ્યો હતો
* ભારતના બંધારણમાં ૧૨ પરિશષ્ટ,૪૪૬ અનુચેછ્દ છે.
* બંધારણનું આમુખ જવાહરલાલ નહેરુ એ તૈયારકર્યું હતું .
* જયારે આમુખ નો વિચાર અમેરિકા ના બંધારણમાંથી લેવામાં આવ્યો હતો.
[બંધારણનું આમુખ ]
અમે ભારતના લોકો પ્રતિજ્ઞા કરીએ છીએ કે ભારતએ સાવર્ભોમ,બનસાંપ્રયિક ,સમાજવાદી, લોકશાહી સંઘ રાજય બને અને તેના બધા નાગરીકોને સામાજી ક,આર્થિક અને રાજકીય ન્યાય મળે.
(સૌજન્ય:-TR.BABU PATEL, FACEBOOK)
From:-
V.K.MEVADA
Monday, August 5, 2013
Sunday, August 4, 2013
Wednesday, July 31, 2013
Mohammed Rafi
|
| |
| Birth name | Mohammed Rafi |
| Born | 24 December 1924 |
| Origin | India |
| Died | 31 July 1980 (age 55) |
| Occupations | |
| Instruments | Vocalist |
| Years active | 1944–1980 |
Wednesday, July 17, 2013
First in India
Male
The first President of Indian Republic Dr. Rajendra Prasad
The first Prime Minister of free India Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru
The first Indian to win Nobel Prize Rabindranath Tagore
The first President of Indian National Congress W.C. Banerjee
The first Muslim President of Indian National Congress Badruddin Tayyabji
The first Muslim President of India Dr. Zakir Hussain
The first British Governor General of India Lord William Bentinck(1833-1835)
The first British Governor General of Bengal Lord Warren Hasting(1774-1885)
The first British Viceroy of India Lord Canning
The first Governor General of free India Lord Mountbatten
The first and the last Indian to be Governor General of free India C.
Rajgopalachari
The first man who introduced printing press in India James Hicky
The first Indian to join the I.C.S Satyendra Nath Tagore
India's first man in Space Rakesh Sharma
The first Prime Minister of India who resigned without completing the
full term Morarji Desai
The first Indian Commander-in-Chief of India General Cariappa
The first Chief of Army Staff Gen. Maharaj Rajendra Singhji
The first Indian Member of the Viceroy's executive council S.P.Sinha
The first President of India who died while in office Dr. Zakhir Hussain
The first Muslim President of Indian Republic Dr. Zakhir Hussain
The first Prime Minister of India who did not face the Parliament Charan Singh
The first Field Marshal of India S.H.F. Manekshaw
The first Indian to get Nobel Prize in Physics C.V.Raman
The first Indian to receive Bharat Ratna award Dr. Radhakrishnan
The first Indian to cross English Channel Mihir Sen
The first Person to receive Jnanpith award Sri Shankar Kurup
The firs Speaker of the Lok Sabha Ganesh Vasudeva Mavalankar
The first Vice-President of India Dr. Radhakrishnan
The first Education Minister Abdul Kalam Azad
The first Home minister of India Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel
The first Indian Air Chief Marshal S. Mukherjee
The first Indian Naval Chief Vice Admiral R.D. Katari
The first Judge of International Court of Justice Dr. Nagendra Singh
The first person to reach Mt. Everest without oxygen Sherpa Anga Dorjee
The first person to get Param Vir Chakra Major Somnath Sharma
The first Chief Election Commissioner Sukumar Sen
The first person to receive Magsaysay Award Acharya Vinoba Bhave
The first person of Indian origin to receive Nobel Prize in
Medicine Hargovind Khurana
The first Chinese traveller to visit India Fahein
The first person to receive Stalin Prize Saifuddin Kitchlu
The first person to resign from the Central Cabinet Shyama Prasad Mukherjee
The first person to receive Nobel Prize in Economics Amartya Sen
The first Chief Justice of Supreme Court Justice Hirala J. Kania
The first Indian Pilot J.R.D. Tata (1929)
Female
The first lady to become Miss World Rita Faria
The first woman judge in Supreme Court Mrs. Meera Sahib Fatima Bibi
The first woman Ambassador Miss C.B. Muthamma
The first woman Governor of a state in free India Mrs Sarojini Naidu
The first woman Speaker of a State Assembly Shanno Devi
The first woman Prime Minister Mrs Indira Gandhi
The first woman Minister in a Government Rajkumari Amrit Kaur
The first woman to climb Mount Everest Bachhendri Pal
The first woman to climb Mount Everest twice Santosh Yadav
The first woman President of Indian National Congress Mrs Annie Besant
The first woman pilot in Indian Air Force Harita Kaur Dayal
The first woman Graduates Kadambini Ganguly and Chandramukhi Basu, 1883
The first woman Airline Pilot Durga Banerjee
The first woman Honours Graduate Kamini Roy, 1886
The first woman Olympic medal Winner Karnam Malleswari, 2000
The first woman Asian Games Gold Medal Winner Kamlijit Sandhu
The first woman Lawyer Cornelia Sorabjee
The first woman President of United Nations General Assembly Mrs
Vijaya Laxmi Pandit
The first woman Chief Minister of an Indian State Mrs Sucheta Kripalani
The first woman Chairman of Union Public Service Commission Roze Millian Bethew
The first woman Director General of Police Kanchan Chaudhary Bhattacharya
The first woman Judge Anna Chandy (She became judge in a district court in 1937)
The first woman Cheif Justice of High Court Mrs Leela Seth (Himachal
Pradesh High Court)
The first woman Judge in Supreme Court of India Kumari Justice M. Fathima Beevi
The first woman Lieutenant General Puneeta Arora
The first woman Air Vice Marshal P. Bandopadhyaya
The first woman chairperson of Indian Airlines Sushma Chawla
The first woman IPS officer Mrs. Kiran Bedi
The first and last Muslim woman ruler of India Razia Sultan
The first woman to receive Ashoka Chakra Nirja Bhanot
The first woman to receive Jnanpith Award Ashapurna Devi
The first woman to cross English Channel Aarti Saha
The first woman to receive Nobel Prize Mother Teresa
The first woman to receive Bharat Ratna Mrs Indira Gandhi
The first woman to receive Jnanpith Award Ashpurna Devi
(સૌજન્ય :-http://www.facts-about-india.com)
The first President of Indian Republic Dr. Rajendra Prasad
The first Prime Minister of free India Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru
The first Indian to win Nobel Prize Rabindranath Tagore
The first President of Indian National Congress W.C. Banerjee
The first Muslim President of Indian National Congress Badruddin Tayyabji
The first Muslim President of India Dr. Zakir Hussain
The first British Governor General of India Lord William Bentinck(1833-1835)
The first British Governor General of Bengal Lord Warren Hasting(1774-1885)
The first British Viceroy of India Lord Canning
The first Governor General of free India Lord Mountbatten
The first and the last Indian to be Governor General of free India C.
Rajgopalachari
The first man who introduced printing press in India James Hicky
The first Indian to join the I.C.S Satyendra Nath Tagore
India's first man in Space Rakesh Sharma
The first Prime Minister of India who resigned without completing the
full term Morarji Desai
The first Indian Commander-in-Chief of India General Cariappa
The first Chief of Army Staff Gen. Maharaj Rajendra Singhji
The first Indian Member of the Viceroy's executive council S.P.Sinha
The first President of India who died while in office Dr. Zakhir Hussain
The first Muslim President of Indian Republic Dr. Zakhir Hussain
The first Prime Minister of India who did not face the Parliament Charan Singh
The first Field Marshal of India S.H.F. Manekshaw
The first Indian to get Nobel Prize in Physics C.V.Raman
The first Indian to receive Bharat Ratna award Dr. Radhakrishnan
The first Indian to cross English Channel Mihir Sen
The first Person to receive Jnanpith award Sri Shankar Kurup
The firs Speaker of the Lok Sabha Ganesh Vasudeva Mavalankar
The first Vice-President of India Dr. Radhakrishnan
The first Education Minister Abdul Kalam Azad
The first Home minister of India Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel
The first Indian Air Chief Marshal S. Mukherjee
The first Indian Naval Chief Vice Admiral R.D. Katari
The first Judge of International Court of Justice Dr. Nagendra Singh
The first person to reach Mt. Everest without oxygen Sherpa Anga Dorjee
The first person to get Param Vir Chakra Major Somnath Sharma
The first Chief Election Commissioner Sukumar Sen
The first person to receive Magsaysay Award Acharya Vinoba Bhave
The first person of Indian origin to receive Nobel Prize in
Medicine Hargovind Khurana
The first Chinese traveller to visit India Fahein
The first person to receive Stalin Prize Saifuddin Kitchlu
The first person to resign from the Central Cabinet Shyama Prasad Mukherjee
The first person to receive Nobel Prize in Economics Amartya Sen
The first Chief Justice of Supreme Court Justice Hirala J. Kania
The first Indian Pilot J.R.D. Tata (1929)
Female
The first lady to become Miss World Rita Faria
The first woman judge in Supreme Court Mrs. Meera Sahib Fatima Bibi
The first woman Ambassador Miss C.B. Muthamma
The first woman Governor of a state in free India Mrs Sarojini Naidu
The first woman Speaker of a State Assembly Shanno Devi
The first woman Prime Minister Mrs Indira Gandhi
The first woman Minister in a Government Rajkumari Amrit Kaur
The first woman to climb Mount Everest Bachhendri Pal
The first woman to climb Mount Everest twice Santosh Yadav
The first woman President of Indian National Congress Mrs Annie Besant
The first woman pilot in Indian Air Force Harita Kaur Dayal
The first woman Graduates Kadambini Ganguly and Chandramukhi Basu, 1883
The first woman Airline Pilot Durga Banerjee
The first woman Honours Graduate Kamini Roy, 1886
The first woman Olympic medal Winner Karnam Malleswari, 2000
The first woman Asian Games Gold Medal Winner Kamlijit Sandhu
The first woman Lawyer Cornelia Sorabjee
The first woman President of United Nations General Assembly Mrs
Vijaya Laxmi Pandit
The first woman Chief Minister of an Indian State Mrs Sucheta Kripalani
The first woman Chairman of Union Public Service Commission Roze Millian Bethew
The first woman Director General of Police Kanchan Chaudhary Bhattacharya
The first woman Judge Anna Chandy (She became judge in a district court in 1937)
The first woman Cheif Justice of High Court Mrs Leela Seth (Himachal
Pradesh High Court)
The first woman Judge in Supreme Court of India Kumari Justice M. Fathima Beevi
The first woman Lieutenant General Puneeta Arora
The first woman Air Vice Marshal P. Bandopadhyaya
The first woman chairperson of Indian Airlines Sushma Chawla
The first woman IPS officer Mrs. Kiran Bedi
The first and last Muslim woman ruler of India Razia Sultan
The first woman to receive Ashoka Chakra Nirja Bhanot
The first woman to receive Jnanpith Award Ashapurna Devi
The first woman to cross English Channel Aarti Saha
The first woman to receive Nobel Prize Mother Teresa
The first woman to receive Bharat Ratna Mrs Indira Gandhi
The first woman to receive Jnanpith Award Ashpurna Devi
(સૌજન્ય :-http://www.facts-about-india.com)
Tuesday, July 16, 2013
Monday, July 15, 2013
સ્લમ નીતિ
ગુજરાત સરકાર એક સ્લમ પોલીસી બનાવવા જઈ રહેલ છે.....આ નીતિ નું નિર્ધારણ કરનાર નિર્માતાઓને નીચે મુજબ વિનંતી છે:-
1. દરેક સ્લમ એરિયામાં રસ્તા સારા બનાવવા,
2. ગટર લાઈન ,પાણી લાઈન માટે રસ્તાની બન્ને બાજુ યોગ્ય જગ્યા મુકવી...
3. દરેક સ્લમ વિસ્તારમાં વસ્તીના ધોરણે શાળા ,શાળા મેદાન માટેની જમીન ફરજીયાત પણે પાકી દીવાલ બનાવી ...અનામત મૂકવી/શાળા તુરંત ખોલાવી,
4. ઉપરોક્ત મુદા -૩ ના અનુપાલન થી RTE-2009(શિક્ષણ નો અધિકાર)-ની જોગવાઈઓનું પાલન કરાવવામાં અનુકુળતા રહેશે,
5. દરેક પ્લોટ માલિક ની કુલ જમીનનો ૧૫% જમીન ફરજીયાત પણે કપાત કરવી...બદલામાં બાકી ની જમીન /પ્લોટ કાયદેસર કરી આપવો....
6. જમીન /પ્લોટ ને કાયદેસર કરવા માટે એક ચોરસ મીટર માટે માત્ર =૧/(એક)-રૂપિયો ફી લેવી... ..જેથી ગરીબ વ્યક્તિ ભરી શકે....આ ટોકન ફી તમામ પાસે સરખા ભાવે વસુલાવી....
7. દરેક સ્લમ વિસ્તારમાં એક કોમ્યુનીટી સેન્ટર બનાવવું....જેનું મોનીટરીંગ તેજ વિસ્તારના લોકો એક મંડળ બનાવી કરે...
ઉપરોક્ત -૭ સૂત્રી કાર્યક્રમ પણ ચિંતન કરવા આથી નીતિ-નિર્માતાઓને નમ્ર અપીલ છે....
-----------------------------------------ભારત માતા કી જય--------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------From:-
V.K.MEVADA
Sunday, July 14, 2013
SWAMI VIVEKANAND
Chronology of Main Events related to Swami Vivekananda
| 1863 | January 12 | Birth in Kolkata |
| 1879 | Enters Presidency College | |
| 1880 | Transfers to General Assembly Institution | |
| 1881 | November | First meeting with Sri Ramakrishna |
| 1882-1886 | Association with Sri Ramakrishna | |
| 1884 | Passes B. A. Examination | |
| Father passes away | ||
| 1885 | Sri Ramakrishna's last illness | |
| 1886 | August 16 | Sri Ramakrishna passes away |
| Fall | Establishes Baranagar Math | |
| December 24 | Informal vow of sannyasa at Antpur | |
| 1887 | January | Formal vows of sannyasa at Baranagar Monastery |
| 1890-1893 | Travels all over India as itinerant monk | |
| 1892 | December 24 | At Kanyakumari, South India |
| 1893 | February 13 | First public lecture, Secunderabad, South India |
| May 31 | Sails for America from Mumbai | |
| July 25 | Lands at Vancouver, Canada | |
| July 30 | Arrives in Chicago | |
| August | Meets Professor John Ft. Wright of Harvard University | |
| September 11 | First address at Parliament of Religions, Chicago | |
| September 27 | Final address at Parliament of Religions | |
| November 20 | Begins mid-western lecture tour | |
| 1894 | April 14 | Begins lectures and classes on East Coast |
| May 16 | Speaks at Harvard University | |
| July-August | At Green Acre Religious Conference | |
| November | Founds Vedanta Society of New York | |
| 1895 | January | Begins classes in New York |
| June 4-18 | At Camp Percy, New Hampshire | |
| June-August | At Thousand Island Park on St. Lawrence river, N.Y. | |
| August-September | In Paris | |
| October-November | Lectures in London | |
| December 6 | Sails for New York | |
| 1896 | March 22-25 | Speaks at Harvard University, offered Eastern Philosophy chair |
| April 15 | Returns to London | |
| May-July | Gives classes in London | |
| May 28 | Meets Max Muller in Oxford | |
| August-September | In the Europe for six weeks | |
| October-November | Gives classes in London | |
| December 30 | Leaves Naples for India | |
| 1897 | January 15 | Arrives in Colombo, Sri Lanka |
| February 6-15 | In Chennai | |
| February 19 | Arrives in Kolkata | |
| May 1 | Establishes Ramakrishna Mission Association, Kolkata | |
| May-December | Tours northwest India | |
| 1898 | January | Returns to Kolkata |
| May | Begins North India pilgrimage with Western devotees | |
| August 2 | At Amarnath, Kashmir | |
| December 9 | Consecrates Belur Math | |
| 1899 | March 19 | Establishes Advaita Ashrama at Mayavati |
| June 20 | Leaves India for second visit to the West | |
| July 31 | Arrives in London | |
| August 28 | Arrives in New York City | |
| August-November | At Ridgely Manor, New York | |
| December 3 | Arrives in Los Angeles | |
| 1900 | February 22 | Arrives in San Francisco |
| April 14 | Founds Vedanta Society in San Francisco | |
| June | Final classes in New York City | |
| July 26 | Leaves for Europe | |
| August 3 | Arrives in Paris for International Exposition | |
| September 7 | Speaks at Congress of History of Religions at Exposition | |
| October 24 | Begins tour of Vienna, Constantinople, Greece and Cairo | |
| November 26 | Leaves for India | |
| December 9 | Arrives at Belur Math | |
| 1901 | January | Visits Mayavati |
| March-May | Pilgrimage in East Bengal and Assam | |
| 1902 | January-February | Visits Bodh Gaya and Varanasi |
| March | Returns to Belur Math | |
| July 4 | Mahasamadhi |
(સૌજન્ય:-http://www.belurmath.org )
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